I agree with a lot of this. But there's some points to be made here. White kids DON'T get killed by cops... when's the last time that happened? And why was the 12 year old running? Probably because he's been taught that the cops are bad dudes that would shoot him... which is wrong of course. But is that the punishment for a 12 year old who freaks out and runs... a bullet in the back and a lesson to other kids that the cops will shoot you in the back if you run? Because that's the lesson here.
If racism is the issue, it shouldn't matter what color the cops are on the beat and IMHO, segregating police patrols based on the color of the cop's skin is a really bad idea.
Here's an interesting read in institutional racism in the US. It's certainly not scientific but gives a macroscopic view.
click
I am the way I am b/c my best friend growing up was African American. Not b/c I'm some sort of activist, but b/c I lived in the sticks in SC and he was my age and we were the only two kids in walking range of each other. As we got older, I saw that he got treated differently than I did. Nothing really bad, but a little different. As an example, we both had cars. If we hit a licence check (pretty common in Edgefield county back in the day) I can count the number of times I was asked to pull to the side after showing my license... If he was driving, it was EVERY time. Again, nothing overt. But the cop would check insurance and I could always tell he ran the plates through the system. Afterwards, my friend always got a smile and a "thank you sir" from the policeman as we went on our way. Again, nothing really bad, just a little different...
That sort of thing is difficult to see if it isn't happening to you. The only way I noticed as a kid was practically getting hit on the head with it... My suggestion to you (if you are really curious) is to ask a friend (or coworker) out for drinks and a meal. Ask what it's like and listen to the answers...