Speaking as a former history grad student (left when I was at the ABD phase), the Confederates were traitors to our country, who fought solely to preserve their "right" to hold other people in perpetual bondage as property. After the war, many of them tried to bring back slavery in all but name (black codes) and launched domestic terror campaigns to end Reconstruction ("Redemption"). They got off too leniently. A lot of Confederate monuments were erected during the 1910s as a counter to early civil rights pushes and to try to keep African Americans in their place. You see it crop up again in the 50s and 60s after Brown v Board. After segregation is declared unconstitutional, you see Georgia put the confederate flag back in their state flag, and stuff like that. Flying the confederate flag and keeping confederate monuments up is a disgrace to our country and the men who fought and died to preserve it.