I think black folks and American slavery are a special circumstance.
I guess it depends on what your view of the goal is/was. For me, I think Justice Thomas summed it up perfectly when he said:
"While I am painfully aware of the social and economic ravages which have befallen my race and all who suffer discrimination, I hold out enduring hope that this country will live up to its principles so clearly enunciated in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States: that all men are created equal, are equal citizens, and must be treated equally before the law,”
And continued to say in response to Justice Jackson's dissent aimed at Justice Thomas:
(Jackson's)“...race-infused world view falls flat at each step. Individuals are the sum of their unique experiences, challenges, and accomplishments. What matters is not the barriers they face, but how they choose to confront them. And their race is not to blame for everything—good or bad—that happens in their lives. A contrary, myopic world view based on individuals’ skin color to the total exclusion of their personal choices is nothing short of racial determinism.”
Growing up in Columbia, Maryland in the 1980's the community decided that everyone should be treated equally. It wasn't about making up for past transgressions that could never be accounted for. It was just a decision to have a community that provides opportunity for all. Most of my friends happened to be of another race than me. But that stuff didn't matter because we were all brothers. Many received benefits with respect college acceptance due to Affirmative Action. Many would say today (including my best friend) that they were admitted to a school they weren't equipped to handle and it set them back significantly.
Getting into the wrong school isn't a racial thing. I was a very average student with excellent SAT scores. Had I gotten into Duke, I would have been in way over my head. I just didn't have the chops to make it at a place like that because I lacked the discipline and study habits to succeed at Duke.
My own belief is we need to do everything possible to provide as equal an opportunity for all as possible. That starts by dealing with our horrendous public education system that is doing a horrible job serving so many of the most vulnerable in our society. It also involves promoting families and promoting marriage. If we're lifting people up who don't have a solid foundation, all we're doing is increasing the damage from the impending fall. I think we should aspire for more in our efforts to overcome our past sins.